It is expected that there will soon be a substantial increase in the number of charging stations developed and built in the near future due to a drastic increase in the number of electric vehicles. Charging stations pose a major concern for the grid because of the additional load they will generate. The development of self-sufficient and renewable-powered charging stations is therefore essential. This study develops a novel solar-powered chargi. It is expected that there will soon be a substantial increase in the number of charging stations developed and built in the near future due to a drastic increase in the number of electric vehicles. Charging stations pose a major concern for the grid because of the additional load they will generate. The development of self-sufficient and renewable-powered charging stations is therefore essential. This study develops a novel solar-powered charging station that integrates liquid CO2 as an energy storage option for dedicated off-grid conditions. Solar energy is captured and stored by converting gaseous CO2 into liquid to operate the system without requiring grid power. The stored liquid CO2 is then expanded via turbine for power generation when solar power is unavailable or insufficient to meet demand. We investigate the effects of utilizing yearly dynamic solar data and yearly average solar data on estimating off-grid conditions and system performance. Based on the results, it appears that using yearly averages can lead to an error of 37 % in estimating the solar PV area to be allocated for off-grid conditions. The total area of PV panels is found to be 100,723 m2, and it results in 63,938 m2 for the cases when yearly dynamic and yearly average solar data are used. The overall energy and exergy efficiencies of the developed systems are further calculated to be 0.062 and 0.066, respectively.••••This study develops a solar-powered charging station integrated with liquid CO2 energy storage.••The effects of varying yearly average and yearly dynamic solar data for operating conditions are studied.••The overall energy and exergy efficiencies are determined based on the yearly dynamic energy inputs and outputs.••The round trip efficiency for the energy storage system is calculated to be 20 %.••Charging stationEnergy storageLiquid carbon dioxideEnergy managementElectric vehicleExergyTransportation sector consumes about one-third of the global energy generation and is primarily responsible for more than 35 % of the total carbon emissions. Unfortunately, the majority of energy demands of the transportation sector are met by fossil-based sources. Even for electric vehicles, the source of the electricity is critical for their cleanness, especially for the countries that produce electricity from fossil-based sources. Currently, battery- and hydrogen-powered electric vehicles are the only solution to the environmental issues in transportation sector as soon as electricity and hydrogen come from clean sources. Therefore, electrification and hydrogenization in the transportation sector have gained significant momentum worldwide to reduce carbon emissions. The technical maturity of electricity-powered vehicles takes them one step ahead compared to the hydrogen-powered ones in the current market. On the other hand, the main challenge in electric vehicles is the limited number of charging stations.Note that charging stations are currently considered the most significant concern and barrier to the widespread use of electric vehicles. That's why many countries are now trying to develop their regulations and policies to address such concerns. All over the world, the grid infrastructure is a hot topic in building charging stations as it limits capacities. The effect of electric vehicles on the gr. Fig. 1 displays the schematic illustration of the proposed system. It can be seen from Fig. 1 that the solar PV panels are the only energy source in the system. According to the proposed charging station, the following operating periods will apply:•1.Direct use: This period indicates the direct use of solar electricity to meet the energy demand of the charging station. It occurs when electricity demand equals to the solar power output. In this period, the electricity provided by solar PV panels are directly sent to the charging station to meet the energy demands.•2.Direct use and charging period: This period happens when excess solar power is available. In this period, both the energy demand of the charging station is met by solar energy and the excess solar power is stored in the liquid CO2 by converting solar power from gaseous CO2 to liquid.•3.